In the realm of Arabic grammar, grasping the distinction between “Sukoon” and “Jazm” is crucial for those seeking a comprehensive understanding of the language.

These two diacritical marks, known as tashkeel, significantly influence the pronunciation and meaning of words. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide, including examples, usages, and pronunciation cues, to facilitate an easier comprehension of challenging Arabic letters.

What is Sukoon (Jazm) in Arabic? and how to apply Sukoon in the Quran?

In this lesson, we’ll explore the significance of Sukoon in Arabic, an alternative term for Sukoon, a symbol present in both Arabic and the Qur’an. Additionally, we’ll examine the connection between Jazm and Sukoon.

Jazm refers to a brief letter case. As letters containing vowels are unable to stand alone, they are pronounced alongside vowel letters.

The Jazm symbol (ــْـ) is a small circle or zero placed above the letter. This symbol is known as Jazm or Sukoon, and the letter associated with Sukoon is termed a Sakin letter.

Sakin letters cannot initiate words and must always be accompanied by a preceding letter to be pronounced.

Also Read: What Is Sahih Bukhari & Its Importance

Difference Between Sukoon And Jazm With Signs

• Sukoon, literally meaning motionless or calmness, is essentially a diacritic or sign without vowels. It is optionally placed above a letter to signify the absence of a vowel. Sukoon can be positioned in the middle or at the end of a word and does not necessarily convey any grammatical information.

For example, in the word London (لُنْدُن), the sound /n/ is marked with sukoon, indicating the absence of a vowel.

• Jazm, meaning cutting off, is a grammatical case that specifically impacts verbs in the مُضارع (present) tense. It can be denoted by a sukoon at the end, the omission of the final additional noon letter, or the omission of the long imperfect vowel in weak verbs.

Examples of Sukoon in the Quran:

مَشْهُودٍ

يَخْرُجُ مِن بَيْنِ الصُّلْبِ وَالتَّرَائِبِ

فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِذَنبِهِمْ فَسَوَّاهَا

إِذْ هُمْ عَلَيْهَا قُعُودٌ

Signs of Sukoon	Signs of Jazm
Symbol: ْ (small circle)	Symbol: ـْ (diagonal stroke)
Primary Indicator: Silent pause	Primary Indicator: Suppression of a vowel sound
Secondary Indicator: N/A	Secondary Indicator: حذف (omission of a vowel sound)

 

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